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Daily high-resolution surface PM2.5 estimation over Europe by ML-based downscaling of the CAMS regional forecast

The article presents the S-MESH (Satellite and ML-based Estimation of Surface air quality at High resolution) framework for estimating daily PM2.5 concentrations at 1 km resolution across Europe. Using a stacked XGBoost model, the approach integrates satellite observations, meteorological data, and the CAMS regional forecast to improve air quality assessments. The results demonstrate higher accuracy and better detection of pollution events compared to existing methods, with significant implications for air quality monitoring.

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